头脑 and 脑子 have the same meaning. but 脑子 is more emphasis on spoken Chinese. In addition大脑 is more emphasis on medical term. eg:你的脑子不好使（your 脑子 is not clever.）eg:大脑对我们来说很重要（our 大脑 is very important to us.）

头脑，脑子brain，sth in the head,make you think feel.用用你的脑子好不好。 could you use your brain to think about that. 头head

plus: 头脑 is usually used like that：头脑风暴 brainstrom（not the disease,the sprak get into your head suddenly），头脑灵活somebody do sth pretty agile,do not do everything by the book. so 头脑+adj./n. 脑子 is usually used like that：用脑子 use brain（think about that before you do sth,so you would not fail or do not seem stupid on that）脑子好用 you are good at thinking,present some good idea 脑子有病/脑子有问题（脑子+verb phrase）you did sth but sb think that the method of work is unbelievable，sb cannot accept that. so v.+脑子 or 脑子+adv.+v 大脑 the physical stuff in head

台湾这样翻的么，大陆是头脑风暴

臺灣 : brainstrom 腦力激盪