You can use either because WhatsApp and the internet in general are new enough that we haven't yet agreed on a formal rule for them.
In general, we use ON for larger and more public things and IN for smaller and more private things. For example, we ride ON the bus, but we ride IN a car. By that logic, we would post ON WhatsApp (a big public forum) but IN a WhatsApp group (a small private forum). I suspect that is what will someday become the rule.