If you are talking about the verb "to have" in a sense of possession, there is no difference. For example:
"Have you (got) any money?"
"Do you have any money?"
"Have you any idea how far it is?"
"Do you have any idea of how far it is?"
They both mean the same thing; however, in the U.S., the first expression is slightly archaic (old fashioned) so you probably won't hear it very often. We prefer to say "Do you have...?" People will understand you either way, though. They still say that in other English-speaking countries such as the U.K. It's a matter of preference.
When "have" is used for the present perfect tense, the phrase "Have you...?" would introduce a question asking you about something you did (have done) in the past. You cannot say "Do you have" in this situation.
For example:
"Have you eaten today?" (Did you eat at some point today?)
This tense is used to describe past actions at an undefined moment in time in the past.