These are simply demonstrative pronouns: Ten - masculine, to - neutral, and also ta - feminine For example, "this man" -> ten mężczyzna, "to dziecko" -> this kid, "ta kobieta" -> this women As already mentioned, "tam" means (over) there (and "tu" means "here") So analogically: tamten, tamta, tamto mean "that men (over there)", "that women..., "that kid..." Note that you can/should decline these pronouns through gender and grammatical case. This results in many other forms such as "tamtymi", "tamtej" , but dont you worry about this at the moment ;) And keep on learning!

Polish is apparently the most difficult language to learn by native English speakers, and this is due to the fact that thare are more exceptions than rules. :) Well done for trying! Tam- there Ten- we would use to point to an object or a person with masculine ending - means the same as this or that, eg. Ten ołówek (this pencil) or ten chłopiec (this boy) To- this- close from me/Tamto - that thing- further away- usually ending with -o, like krzesło, dziecko Tamten- that person or thing, again- masculine ending Oh, and ŻE- means 'that' but as a conjuction- in a sentence like e.g. I told him that... Hope that helps :)