I am a native speaker of American English from Southern California so my judgements are based on what I hear regularly.
1. I will probably not be there. - good
2. I probably will not be there. - good, but a bit awkward In spoken language
3. I won't probably be there. - not heard
4. I probably won't be there. - most common in spoken language
5. He probably does not know. - good, but in spoken speech it would more likely be heard "he probably doesn't know"
6. He does probably not know. - not heard
7. He does not probably know. - not heard
8. He doesn't probably know. - not heard