Is "at the time being" a correct expression used by natives (meaning right now)?
Or is this form only reserved for "for the time being"? Thank you :)

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As a native speaker, "for the time being" sounds much more natural.  It basically means "for right now", but the possibility of something changing in the future exists.

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Yes, it is correct. 
"at..." means "now" (I am not hungry at the time being).
"for..." means, "for the moment", "for the forseeable [near] future", "in this period of time" . (I am learning French for the time being, but my goal is to start learning Chinese).

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for the moment..   at this time . for now.  for the time being.  Right now.   Now. All mean the same thing,  However  " meantime and meanwhile " and " for the time being " are very synonymous.  A lot depends on the context of the sentence.

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"For the time being" is more common. Or you could just say "as of now" or "in the meantime."

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"por enquanto" "até agora" tem o mesmo significado para "no momento"