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Mat マット
Imasu vs Arimasu clarification needed
あなた は おんな じゃ ありません. おとこ です
"Anata wa onna ja arimasen. Otoko desu."
In this example, why is arimasen used instead of imasen?
I know that arimasu is used for inanimate objects, like a book or chair. For example, "Hon ga arimasen".
And, I know that imasu is used for living things, like a human or animal. Like, "Neko ga imasu."
So, in the above Japanese sentence, why is arimasen used like this?
Shouldn't it be, "Anata wa onna ga imasen."
Thanks in advance.The first sentence was from livemocha.com lessons. I think they might be incorrect.
23 Thg 10 2010 14:08
Câu trả lời · 3
1
「あなた は おんな じゃ ありません。おとこ です 。」
is perfectly correct.
(Except that the situation is a bit weird. Who needs to be declared that himself is not a woman, but a man? lol)
Anyway, ありません in these two example sentences are working for different purposes.
あなたは おんなじゃ ありません。
ほんが ありません。
Look at the particles. The first one is ~~じゃ ありません,
while the second one is ~~が ありません。
「AはBじゃ(also, では in formal speech) ありません」denies the state of being. In short, "A is not B." In this usage, we don't use いません no matter whatever the subject is. The affirmative sentence becomes 「 AはBです」(You can also say 「AはBであります.」, but it sounds too formal, so it's rarely used. )
わたしは にほんじん です。
あなたは にほんじん じゃありません。
Next, 「(Aに/Aは)Bが ありません」denies the existence of B. In short, "There is no B (with A/at A/in A etc. )" In this usage, you use あります/ありません for inanimate things like books or chairs, and you use います/いません for animate livings like people, animals.
かばんのなかに ほんが あります。(×います)
いすのしたに ねこが いません。(×ありません)
23 tháng 10 năm 2010
1
いい しつもん です ね。
In this sentence, ”じゃ ありません" is a different form of "では ありません."
("じゃ" is casual and "では" is formal.)
"~では ない/ありません" means "(something) is/are not ~" in "he is not a student," for example.
1) わたし は がくせい では ありません = I am not a student.
2) かれ は にほんじん では ありません = He is not Japanese.
3) この ねこ は わたし の ねこ では ありません = This cat is not my cat.
"いる/います" can also be used as "have."
あなた は おんな が いません = You don't have a girlfriend.
1) わたし (に)は きょうだい が いません = I don't have any brothers.
2) かれ (に)は ともだち が たくさん います = He has many friends.
3) かのじょ (に)は だんなさん が います = She has a husband.
I will try to think of more example sentences. :)
23 tháng 10 năm 2010
I think the basical difference as following;
いる。います。mean changeable situations.
ある。あります。mean unchangeable situations.
私はここにいる。I'm here.
私はおとこである。I'm a man.
I hope this may help you.
23 tháng 10 năm 2010
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Mat マット
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