ค้นหาจากครู ภาษาอังกฤษ หลากหลายคน...

The Temple, and What You Are Actually Looking At | Learn Malayalam #207
คำอธิบาย
If you spend time in Kerala you will end up outside, and possibly inside, a temple. This class explains what you are seeing, what the words mean and how to behave, so the visit is an experience rather than a puzzle.
FIRST, THE ASKING
Some Kerala temples restrict entry to Hindus, and some have dress requirements. Always ask. അകത്തേക്ക് വരാമോ? May I come inside? Nobody minds the question. Everybody minds the assumption.
THE BUILDING
If your image of an Indian temple is a tall carved tower, that is the Tamil Nadu tradition and Kerala looks nothing like it. A Kerala temple is a walled compound: low, steeply pitched tiled or copper roofs, heavy timber, a great deal of empty swept ground. From outside it resembles a large traditional house — built by the same carpenters, in the same climate, out of the same materials, on the same roof logic.
ഗോപുരം the gateway — here a modest gate-house · മതിൽ the compound wall
ബലിക്കൽപ്പുര the pavilion with the offering stones
കൊടിമരം the flagstaff, often copper-clad, where the festival flag is hoisted
നമസ്കാര മണ്ഡപം the pavilion before the sanctum
ശ്രീകോവിൽ the sanctum — small, freestanding, often circular or square with a conical roof. Only the priest enters.
പ്രദക്ഷിണവഴി the circumambulation path — walk clockwise, shrine on your right
കൂത്തമ്പലം the temple theatre for Koodiyattam · ഊട്ടുപുര the dining hall · കുളം the temple tank
Kerala is one of very few places in India that builds ROUND shrines, and the circular sanctum with a conical roof is one of the region's architectural signatures. Nobody is entirely certain why.
THE PRACTICE
ദർശനം darshan — the act of seeing the deity and being seen. This is the central action. There is no congregation and no sermon. You go, you see, you are seen, you leave.
പൂജ the ritual worship · ദീപാരാധന the lamp offering — the most beautiful moment to witness
പ്രസാദം the blessed offering distributed after. Take it in your right hand and eat it; refusing is genuinely rude.
ചന്ദനം sandalwood paste · ഭസ്മം sacred ash · തീർത്ഥം the sanctified water, received in the right palm and sipped
വഴിപാട് an offering made for a specific purpose, booked and paid at the counter
തൊഴുക to worship with joined palms · പ്രാർത്ഥിക്കുക to pray
തന്ത്രി the chief priest · പൂജാരി or ശാന്തി the priest of the daily worship
ദേവസ്വം the board that administers temples
THE BEHAVIOUR, PLAINLY
Footwear off, outside, always. Dress conservatively — at traditional temples men remove the shirt and wear a mundu, women wear a saree or salwar. No photography inside without explicit permission, and many temples forbid it entirely. Walk clockwise. Touch nothing. Be quiet. Do not use a temple as a photo location; it is a working religious site. The same principle holds at Kerala's churches and mosques: ask, cover, be quiet.
Quizzes below.
Dr. Reshmi R Nair — SpeakMalayalam.
ช่องพอดคาสต์
Kerala Culture Decoded | Onam, Weddings, Family and Customs
ผู้แต่ง
ทั้งหมดทุกตอน

Don't do this if want to be a better speaker!!!

How to learn Serbian verbs? (Bit of advice for all the levels – A1-C2)

Gabriel García Márquez.

Episode 2: Do you have many friends?

Chapter 18 To Make a Long Story Short and chapter 19 Back to School

UK Workers May Get More Rights to Four-Day Week

我读你听——喝醉了

IMPRESINDIBLES DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO 2
ตอนยอดนิยม

The Habits of Professionals Growing Into Strong, Confident English Communicators
Don't do this if want to be a better speaker!!!

SERBIAN TO GO
How to learn Serbian verbs? (Bit of advice for all the levels – A1-C2)

CHISTES MEXICANOS
Gabriel García Márquez.

Speak English With Muki
Episode 2: Do you have many friends?

The Adventures of Captain Underpants
Chapter 18 To Make a Long Story Short and chapter 19 Back to School

Practice Listening, Reading & Comprehension
UK Workers May Get More Rights to Four-Day Week

Learn fun Chinese with Tracy 有用中文轻松学
我读你听——喝醉了

Spanish México
IMPRESINDIBLES DE LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO 2
